Comparing the effects of home-based exercise rehabilitation and center-based cardiac rehabilitation on lipid profiles of the patients with coronaryartery disease

Although participation in centre-based cardiac rehabilitation [CR] is known to reduce morbidity and mortality but the participation rates of coronary artery patients are low. Therefore, establishing alternative programs in this regard is important, and it seems that home-based exercise rehabilitation is one of the predominant alternatives. This study aimed to compare the effects of the home-based exercise rehabilitation and centre-based CR on lipid profiles of patients with coronary artery disease. This semi-experimental study was conducted on 40 patients [mean age, 59 +/- 6.28 years] in Isfahan cardiovascular research center in 2014. The participants were voluntarily divided into 3 groups: home-based exercise rehabilitation, centre-based CR and control. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein [HDL-C] and low-density lipoprotein [LDL-C] were measured at baseline and after 2 months of CR. After 2 months of CR, levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and the ratio of LDL/HDL and cholesterol/HDL were significantly improved in both experimental groups. No significant difference was observed between the home-based exercise and centre-based CR programs in all indices. Both home-based exercise rehabilitation and centre-based CR can improve the lipid profiles in patients with coronary artery disease. Thus, it can be a modern approach to increase the participation of patients, reduce the costs and the current restrictions in our country to fulfill the patients' needs

[Comparison of post-operative nausea, vomiting and laryngospasm in children using control ventilation and spontaneous respiration anesthetic methods]

Post-operative nausea vomiting [PONV] and laryngospasm are the most common of complication following surgery. This study was conducted to compare the incidence of laryngospasm and PONV after pediatric infra umbilical surgery using two anesthetic methods: control ventilation and spontaneous respiration. This double-blind clinical trial study was conducted on 192 children with 2-7 year-old undergoing infra-umbilical surgery of ASA-I class with the estimated operation period of an hour in Tehran pediatric hospital, Tehran-Iran during 2009-10. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: controlled ventilation and spontaneous respiration. After anesthetization, Atracurium was injected to the control ventilation [CV] group and anesthesia continued with mechanical ventilation. For the patients of the second group [spontaneous respiration/SR], after the gradual increase of the dose of halothane and certainty of the optimal depth of anesthesia, patients were intubated to allow spontaneous respiration. After intubation, all patients were anesthetized with Halothane 1-2% and the N[2]O/O[2]. The rate of nausea, vomiting, laryngospasm, excessive post-operative discharge was recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS-13, student's t-test, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Post-operative nausea was non significantly higher in CV group [8%] than SR [6.52%]. The rate of vomiting was higher in CV [16%] as compared to SR group [2.17%]. [P<0.001, RR=8.57, CI: 1.91-38.41]. The rate of laryngospasm at the end of the surgery was higher in CV group [15.21%] as compared to SR group [26%] [P<0.02, RR=0.94, CI: 0.05-1.77]. The rate of excessive discharge at the end of the surgery was significantly higher in CV group [52%] in comparison with SR group [11.95%] [P<0.001, RR=0.94, CI: 0.05-1.77]. This study showed that in infra-umbilical surgeries in a period of less than an hour the incidence of post-operative vomiting and laryngospasm is higher in control ventilation group than spontaneous respiration group, which might be due to the injection of neostigmine to counter-act the effects of muscle relaxants

[Seroepidemiology of Neospora caninum in Iranian native and crossbreed cattle: a cross sectional study]

Neospora caninum, a pathogenic protozoan parasite, has been considered as a major cause of infectious bovine abortion throughout the world . The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum antibodies in native and crossbreed cattle of Hamedan province, Iran . Serum samples of native [n=139] and crossbreed cows [n=261] were examined using ELISA method values were analyzed by description analysis. The frequency of prevalence for N.caninum antibodies was shown as much as 20% . Furthermore, the most and the least frequency rates were shown in cattle over 4 years old [32.33%] and less than 2 years old [7.32%], respectively [p<0.05] . Meanwhile, 64% of cows which had abortic chain were seropositive [p<0.05]. It can be concluded that N.caninum should be considered as a causative agent for abortion in native and crossbreed cattle in Hamedan province

[Perceived social support among hospital personnel and its influential factors: a case study]

Increasing productivity in an organization requires providing various conditions; important of all is human factor. Social support is known as a psychological factor in workplace that effect on productivity of human factor. The purpose of this study is to determine the rate of perceived social support among hospital personnel. In order to do this research 120 of employees of a selected hospital in Isfahan were surveyed using a self-report questionnaire. A convenience sampling method was used to select the samples. The questionnaire measured demographic information of employees and their perceived social support by coworkers and managers. The questionnaire was validated using the experts' judgment. A Chi-Square test was used to test the relationship between the demographic information and the perceived social support. The findings indicated that the employees' perceived social support by coworkers [with the mean of 3.34 +/- 0/48 on scale of 1-5] was higher than the perceived social support by managers [with mean of 3.19 +/- 0.4]. The Chi -Square test also showed a significant relationship between perceived social support and age and work experience of the employees [p<0.01]. The employees perceived social support by managers is not at the ideal level in the investigated hospital and for increasing the productivity level in this organization it is necessary that managers to take new policies under consideration. Meanwhile establishing a stronger relationship with employees can potentially increase the employees' efficiency

Hyperimmune lipopolysaccharide antiserum mediated inhibition of the adherence of E. coli O157:H7 to HEP-2 cells and large intestine of mice

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is found in cattle farms and can live in the intestine of healthy cattle. Most cases of human illnesses including nonbloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome can be traced, either directly or indirectly, to cattle. One strategy for reducing the risk of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli [EHEC] infections in human is to reduce the prevalence of infection in cattle. Antiserum against whole cell of isolated E. coli O157:H7 from cattle showed inhibition of adherence of this strain to HEP-2 cells in 1:1280 titer and to intestine tissue of mice in 1:640 titer are significant. histology of intestine tissue confirms our results. The difference between in vivo and in vitro titrations for blocking the attachments depends on these two different conditions

Traumatic pseudo-aneurysm and concurrent dissection of the aortic arch treated with endovascular stenting

The pseudo-aneurysms of thoracic aorta are rare and a life-threatening complication of aortic surgery and blunt chest trauma. This article demonstrates a case report of a traumatic aortic arch dissection and formation of a false aneurysm after blunt chest trauma in Iran. A 23-year-old man was referred complaining of chest pain and exertional cough. He had a history of chest and abdominal trauma five months ago after a car accident, resulting in acceleration-deceleration injury. The trauma resulted in an extensive injury on the left side of the chest and abdomen associated with multiple rib fractures, hemopneumothorax and splenic rupture. Splenectomy and left chest tube drainage was performed. The patient was admitted for 15 days. Finally, he recovered to normal and was discharged in satisfactory condition. However, his chest pain and cough restarted and its severity gradually increased. In chest x-ray, a left upper mediastinal mass was detected, which was later confirmed by 64 multi-slice chest CT scan as a false aortic arch aneurysm and aortic dissection. It seems endovascular stent-graft technique for the treatment of thoracic aorta aneurysm may present a good treatment choice with a low risk and less invasive approach

[Optimization of solid phase micro-extraction [SPME] for monitoring occupational exposure to ethyl benzene]

Analytical methods for volatile organic compounds [VOCs] in different samples need extraction of compounds by applying hazardous solvents. Solid phase micro-extraction [SPME] is a solvent-free equilibrium extraction method in which proper calibration can allow quantitative determinations of VOCs at a very good sensitivity without the use of any organic solvent. VOCs are generally present in urine only at trace levels therefore a sensitive procedure is needed for their trace determinations. Throughout this study headspace solid phase micro-extraction [HS-SPME] was followed by GC-FID for ethyl benzene in spiked urine was optimized. In this study the parameters influencing SPME and gas chromatography of ethyl benzene including extraction time temperature desorption temperature desorption time salt addition sample pH sample volume and sample agitation were investigated. Extraction procedure was performed at 30°C for 6 min using 0.2 gmL[-1] of NaCl in the sample solution. The sample volume and sample pH were optimized at 5 ml and 7 [neutral pH] respectively. Desorption of the ethyl benzene was carried out for 60 sec. at 250°C. The method was also validated with three different spiked urine samples and illustrated an appropriate reproducibility over six consecutive days as well as six within-day experiments. During this investigation parameters of accuracy linearity and detection limits of the procedure were also evaluated. The developed method of HS- SPME-GC-FID proved to be a simple convenient and practical procedure and was successfully used for measuring of ethyl benzene in spiked urine

Geographic heterogeneity of cytogenetic characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia in the early detection: a comparative study of Iranian and Indian adult patients

Acute Meyloid Leukemia [AML] in adults is known to be a heterogeneous disease with diverse chromosome abnormalities. Some of these chromosome abnormalities are found with a high incidence in populations from specific geographical areas and ethnic societies. Therefore, we studied the cytogenetic features of AML cases in contrasting societies of Iran and India. Cytogenetic investigation was performed in various subtypes of AML with unstimulated short-term culture and High Resolution Cell Synchronization with some modification. Cytogenetically, Iranian M3 displayed a higher frequency of t[15;17] than Indian M3 [33.8% vs 19.3%] followed by M2 [t[8;21] [27.7% vs 16.2%]] and M1 [t[9;22] [16.0% vs 11.3%]]; whereas, inv[16]11q23 and numerical chromosomal aberrations in chromosome 5,7,8 occurred more frequently in Indian than Iranian. These findings represented different cytogenetic characteristics of t[15;17] between the two populations. This is the first systematic cytogenetic study of an ethnic Iranian population. Extensive biological studies of AML in Iran and India and various countries to be needed to clarify the role of genetic as well as geographic heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of AML

Occurrence of congential anomalies and genetic diseases in a population of Ghazvin Province, Iran: a study of 33380 cases

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of congenital and genetic anomalies in two major referral hospitals and medical Genetic center in a population of Ghazvin Province. A cross sectional study was performed between 2000- 2004 on 33380 children from infancy to age 8 years. The precise and confirmed diagnosis of genetic and congenital anomalies was elaborated by reviewing pedigree of family population screening, genetic records of family data, routine tests such as application of molecular and karyotype and other essential information have been approached. In total, the more frequent malformation associated congenital anomalies among our patients was inborn error of metabolism [7.18%] followed by disorder of congenital hearth defects [6%]. We suggest a possible role of various factors such as different geographical may influence dissimilarities between present study and other population. Also the necessity of particular attention and emphasize on special screening program that helps to identify early stages of genetic and congenital malformation. These results together provide information to physicians and genetic counselors to realize contribution of congenital abnormalities and setting priorities of screening individual cases

Concordance of length and contents of continuing medical education programs with educational demands of practicing GPs in Khuzestan province

Assessing educational needs and prioritizing them is the first step in planning. Evaluation of current Continuing Medical Education [CME] programs according to the general physicians' points of view is essential for quality improvement and increasing their efficacy and effectiveness. This study aimed to determine the educational priorities of general physicians [GPs] and the degree of concordance of demands with the programs presently offered in Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences. In this descriptive study, on the educational needs of general physicians of Khouzestan province, a population of 300 GPs were investigated [2004] by means of questionnaire covering the various diseases; and the results were compared with the allocated time to the current presented programs in the same year. The GPs mainly ranked "internal diseases" their highest priority with a mean of 2.05, and the last priority belonged to "infectious diseases" with a mean of 1.75 out of 3. The most time allocated to CME programs for GPs was spared to "pediatric disease" with 36.63% hours and the least to "Ophthalmology" with 0.31% hours. The most time allocated to a great number of the medical issues did not show any concordance with the GPs' educational needs. Therefore, it is suggested that the "needs assessment" procedure be done for more quality improvement in continuing medical education with a higher efficacy and effectiveness